GIT is a source control system that lets you collaborate with others. Git keeps a record of changes and allows you to roll back to any previous version.
A Git repository stores commit objects, or checkpoints, called heads. Commands are based on the history of the head whose name you specify.
What is a GIT Repository?
A Git repository is a central storage location for all of the code for a software project. It can be accessed by multiple developers simultaneously, and the changes made to files are tracked with version control. This enables developers to work on the same code base in parallel without worrying about conflicts or file corruption. Git also provides backups of codebases, allowing for recovery in the event of system failure or accidental deletion.
When a developer starts working on a new project, they can either create their own local Git repository by using the command “git init” or clone an existing repository to start their work. Once the repository is created, they can start adding new files and recording changes with the commands git add and git commit.
Git also allows for the creation of branches, which are separate lines of development for a project. These can be used to experiment with different features or bug fixes without impacting the main codebase. Once the branch has been tested and verified, it can then be merged back into the main codebase.
Git’s version control functionality is complemented by its ability to track issues and pull requests, which help developers stay on top of the project. Git also offers the ability to tag a particular point in the history of a codebase, which is useful for marking milestones and providing an easy way to reference specific points in the project’s development.
What is a Bare Repository?
A Bare Repository is a repository without a Working Tree. You can initialize a bare repository using the git init -bare command. You won’t be able to write code in that repo, but you can push to it and pull from it just fine.
The default way of initializing a repository is to use the git init command. This creates a hidden folder named.git, which is where all of Git’s brains are; it’s where it keeps track of revisions, branches, etc. It also has a file that contains the current index, which is where all of your changes live.
If you want to create a bare repository, the first thing you need to do is make sure that you don’t have any checked out files in your project directory. Next, you need to create a new folder called.gitfiles, which will contain all of git’s junk for this particular repo.
You can now use commands like git annex copy and git annex get in a bare repository (provided that it’s on a system where git-annex is installed). These will work just the same as they would in a non-bare repository. However, if you use them in a bare repo that’s configured to store files, they will not work (because they need a working tree). This is because these commands are looking for copies of your files; they won’t find any if the bare repository hasn’t already stored a version of them.
What is a Non-Bare Repository?
A non-bare repository has a working tree. When you clone a non-bare repository, it will have a full set of project files that can be edited in your local directory. This allows people to collaborate on a central repository without needing to install the latest version of all project files on their computers. The working tree also allows for pulling of changes from the central repository.
The standard way to initialize a new Git repository is with git init. When you do this, a special directory called.git is created that acts as the brains of the repository. It contains the version control information for the repository, commit objects, etc. This directory is hidden and typically only accessed by Git itself or by users that have a special role on the system.
Bare repositories do not have a working tree and therefore cannot accept pushes from other people. They are ideal for tracking dotfiles, or any other set of files that already exist somewhere but you don’t want to turn into a Git repo. The bare repositories will allow you to capture the history of these files in a separate folder, while allowing your dotfiles to stay where they are (and get picked up by other tools).
In Git, bare repositories can still be used to track projects that have a working tree, but they require a
What is a Git Object?
Objects are the basic units of information stored in Git. They are used to denote everything from individual files to entire branches of the code. Git objects are stored in a compressed and serialized format, which makes them extremely fast to read and write. There are four different types of Git objects: blob, tree, commit, and tag.
A blob is basically binary data. It is stored along with its size and an identifier that tells Git what type of object it is (a blob, tree, or commit). A blob may be mutable or read-only. It is also stored in a pack file to reduce its size for transfer between Git repositories via git push and git pull.
A tree object is a directory structure representing the contents of a repository at a given point in time. Like blobs, trees are also stored in packs and named with the first 2 characters of the SHA-1 checksum and the remaining 38 characters. Trees can reference other trees, blobs or commits.
Commits are snapshots of a repository’s directories and their respective files at a given point in time. A commit object consists of a reference to a tree object and metadata that describes the changes that occurred in the tree at that time.